Espilomelins

Espilomelins
Spilomelinae
	; Pleuroptya ruralis
Taxonomia
Superregne	Holozoa
Regne	Animalia
Fílum	Arthropoda
Classe	Insecta
Ordre	Lepidoptera
Família	Crambidae
Subfamília	Spilomelinae ; Guenée, 1854

Els espilomelins (Spilomelinae) són una gran subfamília de lepidòpters ditrisis de la família dels cràmbids (Crambidae). Van ser anteriorment inclosa dins de Pyraustinae com a tribu Spilomelini. Els taxonomistes difereixen pel que fa a la correcta col·locació dins de Crambidae, i alguns la tracten com una subfamília (Crambinae) de la família Pyralidae. Si es fa això, els espilomelins es tracten generalment com una subfamília separada dins dels pirálids. Es creu que la subfamília dels espilomelins és polifilética;^[1]^[2] molts gèneres es col·loquen només aquí temporalment.

Amb prop de 3.800 espècies descrites en el món, aquest és el grup amb més espècies entre els piraloïdeus.^[3]

Gèneres que s'inclouen provisionalment a Spilomelinae

Aboetheta Turner, 1914
Acicys Turner, 1911
Aediodina Strand, 1919
Aethaloessa Lederer, 1863 (= Chnaura Lederer, 1863)
Aetholix Lederer, 1863
Agathodes Guenée, 1854 (= Stenurges Lederer, 1863)
Agrammia Guenée, 1854
Agrioglypta Meyrick, 1932
Agrotera Schrank, 1802 (= Leucinodella Strand, 1918, Nistra Walker, 1859, Sagariphora Meyrick, 1894, Tetracona Meyrick, 1884)
Aiyura Munroe, 1974
Alytana J. C. Shaffer & Munroe, 2007
Anageshna Munroe, 1956
Analyta Lederer, 1863 (= Alyta Mabille, 1879)
Anarmodia Lederer, 1863 (= Asparagmia Amsel, 1956, Atheropoda Lederer, 1863, Aetheropoda Amsel, 1956)
Antigastra Lederer, 1863
Aphytoceros Meyrick, 1884
Apilocrocis Amsel, 1956
Apogeshna Munroe, 1956 (= Euvalva Amsel, 1956)
Aporocosmus Butler, 1886
Archernis Meyrick, 1886 (= Chrysommatodes Warren, 1896)
Aristebulea Munroe & Mutuura, 1968
Arnia Guenée, 1849
Arthromastix Warren, 1890
Arthroschista Hampson, 1893
Arxama Walker, 1866
Asciodes Guenée, 1854
Asturodes Amsel, 1956
Ategumia Amsel, 1956
Atelocentra Meyrick, 1884
Atomopteryx Walsingham, 1891 (= Zellerina Torre & Callejas, 1958, Stenoptycha Zeller, 1863)
Auchmophoba Turner, 1913 (= Petta Warren, 1895)
Azochis Walker, 1859 (= Arochis Walker, 1859, Catacteniza Möschler, 1890)
Bacotoma Moore, 1885
Beebea Schaus, 1923
Bicilia Amsel, 1956
Blepharomastix Lederer, 1863 (= Ichthyoptila Meyrick, 1936, Sozoa Walker, 1866)
Bocchoris Moore, 1885
Bocchoropsis Amsel, 1956
Botyodes Guenée, 1854
Bradina Lederer, 1863 (= Erilita Lederer, 1863, Pleonectusa Lederer, 1863, Trematarcha Meyrick, 1886)
Cadarena Moore, 1886 (= Idalia Hübner, 1825)
Camptomastix Warren, 1892 (= Camptomastyx Hampson, 1896)
Cangetta Moore, 1886 (= Blechrophanes Turner, 1937)
Caprinia Walker, 1859 (= Caprina Lederer, 1863)
Carthade Snellen, 1899 (= Chartade Neave, 1939)
Ceratarcha Swinhoe, 1894
Ceratocilia Amsel, 1956
Ceratoclasis Lederer, 1863 (= Ceratoclassis Hulst, 1886)
Chabula Moore, 1886
Chabulina J. C. Shaffer & Munroe, 2007
Chalcidoptera Butler, 1887 (= Chaleidoptera Carus, 1888, Euthalantha Snellen, 1895)
Chilochromopsis Munroe, 1964
Choristostigma Warren, 1892 (= Namangania Amsel, 1952)
Chromodes Guenée, 1854
Chrysophyllis Meyrick, 1934
Chrysothyridia Munroe, 1967
Cirrhocephalina Munroe, 1995 (= Cirrhocephala Lederer, 1863)
Cirrhochrista Lederer, 1863 (= Ancalidia de Joannis, 1932, Cirrochrista Warren, 1892, Eucallaenia Snellen, 1892, Margaronia Marumo, 1917, Pachybotys Warren, 1895)
Cissachroa Turner, 1937
Cnaphalocrocis Lederer, 1863 (= Bradinomorpha Matsumura, 1920, Dolichosticha Meyrick, 1884, Epimima Meyrick, 1886, Lasiacme Warren, 1896, Marasmia Lederer, 1863, Marasma, Neomarasmia Kalra, David & Banerji, 1967, Prodotaula Meyrick, 1934, Susumia Marumo, 1930)
Coelorhyncidia Hampson, 1896
Coenostolopsis Munroe, 1960
Colomychus Munroe, 1956
Compacta Amsel, 1956
Conchylodes Guenée, 1854 (= Ledereria Snellen, 1873)
Condylorrhiza Lederer, 1863
Conogethes Meyrick, 1884 (= Dadessa Moore, 1886)
Coptobasis Lederer, 1863
Coremata Amsel, 1956 (= Culcita Amsel, 1957)
Cotachena Moore, 1885 (= Mesothyris Warren, 1892, Syndicastis Meyrick, 1889)
Criophthona Meyrick, 1884 (= Conoprora Turner, 1913)
Crocidocnemis Warren, 1889 (= Somatania Möschler, 1890, Somatamia Kimball, 1965)
Cryptobotys Munroe, 1956
Cydalima Lederer, 1863 (= Neoglyphodes Streltzov, 2008, Sisyrophora Lederer, 1863, Uliocome Swinhoe, 1900)
Deana Butler, 1879 (= Adena Walker, 1863, Nesarcha Meyrick, 1884)
Desmia Westwood, 1832 (= Aediodes Guenée, 1854, Arna Walker, 1856, Hyalitis Guenée, 1854)
Deuterarcha Meyrick, 1884
Diacme Warren, 1892
Diaphania Hübner, 1818 (= Diaphania Stephens, 1829, Eudioptis Hübner, 1823, Phakellura Guilding, 1830, Phacellura J. L. R. Agassiz, 1847, Sestia Snellen, 1875)
Diaphantania Möschler, 1890 (= Diaphantia)
Diasemia Hübner, 1825 (= Goniogramma Mann, 1854, Prodelia Doubleday, 1849)
Diasemiodes Munroe, 1957
Diasemiopsis Munroe, 1957 (= Diasemopsis Leraut, 1997)
Diastictis Hübner, 1818 (= Anomostictis Warren, 1892, Diastichtis Forbes, 1923)
Diathrausta Lederer, 1863 (= Tripodaula Meyrick, 1933, Triplodaula Munroe, 1956)
Dichocrocis Lederer, 1863 (= Zebrodes Warren, 1896)
Didymostoma Warren, 1892
Dolicharthria Stephens, 1834 (= Amaurophanes Lederer, 1863, Dolycharthria Stephens, 1850, Leptarchis Meyrick, 1937, Parastenia Hartig, 1940, Epistenia Chrétien, 1911, Stenia Duponchel, 1845)
Dracaenura Meyrick, 1886
Duponchelia Zeller, 1847
Duzulla Amsel, 1952
Ebuleodes Warren, 1896
Ectadiosoma Turner, 1937
Elbursia Amsel, 1950
Endocrossis Meyrick, 1889
Epipagis Hübner, 1825 (= Epipages Hampson, 1918, Stenophyes Lederer, 1863)
Ercta Walker, 1859 (= Erota Walker, 1859)
Erilusa Walker, 1866
Eudaimonisma T. P. Lucas, 1902
Eulepte Hübner, 1825 (= Acrospila Lederer, 1863)
Euleucinodes Capps, 1948
Eurrhyparodes Snellen, 1880 (= Molybdantha Meyrick, 1884)
Eurybela Turner, 1908
Eusabena Snellen, 1901
Filodes Guenée, 1854 (= Auxomitia Lederer, 1863)
Framinghamia Strand, 1920
Gadessa Moore, 1885
Geshna Dyar, 1906
Gethosyne Warren, 1896
Ghesquierellana Berger, 1955 (= Ghesquieriellana Munroe, 1959, Phalanta Ghesquière, 1942)
Glaucobotys Maes, 2008
Glauconoe Warren, 1892
Glycythyma Turner, 1908
Glyphodella J. C. Shaffer & Munroe, 2007
Glyphodes Guenée, 1854 (= Caloptychia Hübner, 1825, Calliptychia J. L. R. Agassiz, 1847, Dysallacta Lederer, 1863, Disallacta Lederer, 1863, Morocosma Lederer, 1863)
Goliathodes Munroe, 1974
Goniorhynchus Hampson, 1896
Gonocausta Lederer, 1863
Gypodes Munroe, 1976
Haritalodes Warren, 1890
Hedyleptopsis Munroe, 1960
Hemopsis Kirti & Rose, 1987
Herpetobotys Maes, 2001
Herpetogramma Lederer, 1863 (= Acharana Moore, 1885, Coremataria Amsel, 1956, Culcitaria Amsel, 1957, Macrobotys Munroe, 1950, Pachyzancla Meyrick, 1884, Pantoeocome Warren, 1896, Piloptila Swinhoe, 1894, Ptiloptila Hampson, 1899, Stenomelas Hampson, 1912, Stenomeles Warren, 1892)
Heterudea Dognin, 1905
Hileithia Snellen, 1875
Hodebertia Leraut, 2003
Hoterodes Guenée, 1854
Hydriris Meyrick, 1885 (= Antiercta Amsel, 1956, Spanista Lederer, 1863; Glaphyriinae?)
Hydropionea Hampson, 1917
Hymenia Hübner, 1825 (= Zinckenia Zeller, 1852)
Hymenoptychis Zeller, 1852 (= Syrbatis Walker, 1863)
Indogrammodes Kirti & Rose, 1989
Ischnurges Lederer, 1863 (= Nesolocha Meyrick, 1886)
Lamprosema Hübner, 1823 (= Lamphosema Schaus, 1940)
Laniifera Hampson, 1899
Laniipriva Munroe, 1976
Legrandellus J. C. Shaffer & Munroe, 2007
Lepidoneura Hampson, 1896
Leucinodes Guenée, 1854 (= Hyperanalyta Strand, 1918, Leuctinodes South, 1897, Sceliodes Guenée, 1854)
Leucochroma Guenée, 1854
Leucochromodes Amsel, 1956
Lineodes Guenée, 1854 (= Ciraphorus Dyar, 1910, Scoptonoma Zeller, 1873)
Liopasia Möschler, 1882 (= Dichotis Warren, 1892, Terastiodes Warren, 1892)
Lipararchis Meyrick, 1934 (= Notaspis Warren, 1892)
Loxmaionia Schaus, 1913
Loxomorpha Amsel, 1956 (= Chrysobotys Munroe, 1956)
Loxostegopsis Dyar, 1917 (= Loxotegopsis Dyar, 1917)
Luma Walker, 1863 (= Loxocorys Meyrick, 1894, Pelena Moore, 1886, Pelina Hampson, 1897, Petena Neave, 1940)
Lygropia Lederer, 1863 (= Hyperthalia Warren, 1896)
Lypotigris Hübner, 1825
Macaretaera Meyrick, 1886 (= Trichoptychodes Swinhoe, 1894, Trigonophylla Turner, 1937)
Macrobela Turner, 1939
Malaciotis Meyrick, 1934
Maracayia Amsel, 1956
Marasmianympha Munroe, 1991
Maruca Walker, 1859 (= Maruea Walker, 1859, Siriocauta Lederer, 1863)
Marwitzia Gaede, 1917
Mecyna Doubleday, 1849
Meekiaria Munroe, 1974
Megaphysa Guenée, 1854
Megastes Guenée, 1854
Meroctena Lederer, 1863
Merodictya Warren, 1896
Mesocondyla Lederer, 1863
Metallarcha Meyrick, 1884 (= Panopsia Turner, 1913)
Metasia Guenée, 1854 (= Clasperia Hartig, 1952, Hystrixia Hartig, 1952)
Metoeca Warren, 1896
Metraeopsis Dognin, 1905 (= Metracopsis Neave, 1940)
Microgeshna J. C. Shaffer & Munroe, 2007
Micromartinia Amsel, 1957 (= Martinia Amsel, 1956)
Microphysetica Hampson, 1917 (= Falx Amsel, 1956, Falcimorpha Amsel, 1957)
Microthyris Lederer, 1863 (= Crossophora Möschler, 1890, Grossophora Munroe, 1956)
Mimophobetron Munroe, 1950
Mimorista Warren, 1890
Mimudea Warren, 1892
Mukia Amsel, 1954
Myriostephes Meyrick, 1884
Myrmidonistis Meyrick, 1887
Nacoleia Walker, 1859 (= Aplomastix Warren, 1890, Orthocona Warren, 1896, Semioceros Meyrick, 1884)
Nausinoe Hübner, 1825 (= Lepyrodes Guenée, 1854, Phalangiodes Guenée, 1854)
Nausinoella J. C. Shaffer & Munroe, 2007
Nehydriris Munroe, 1974
Neoanalthes Yamanaka & Kirpichnikova, 1993
Neoleucinodes Capps, 1948
Neostege Hampson, 1910
Niphograpta Warren, 1892
Nolckenia Snellen, 1875
Nomophila Hübner, 1825 (= Macronomeutis Meyrick, 1936, Stenopteryx Duponchel, 1845)
Nonazochis Amsel, 1956
Nosophora Lederer, 1863 (= Analthes Lederer, 1863, Analtes Lederer, 1863, Eidama Walker, 1866)
Notarcha Meyrick, 1884 (= Haritala Moore, 1886)
Notesia Yamanaka, 1992
Nothomastix Warren, 1890
Obtusipalpis Hampson, 1896
Omiodes Guenée, 1854 (= Charema Moore, 1888, Coenostola Lederer, 1863, Coenolesta Whalley, 1962, Deba Walker, 1866, Hedylepta Lederer, 1863, Hedilepta Lederer, 1863, Lonchodes Guenée, 1854, Loxocreon Warren, 1892, Merotoma Meyrick, 1894, Pelecyntis Meyrick, 1884, Phycidicera Snellen, 1880, Spargeta Lederer, 1863)
Ommatobotys J. C. Shaffer & Munroe, 2007
Ommatospila Lederer, 1863 (= Thelda Walker, 1866)
Omphisa Moore, 1886
Orphanostigma Warren, 1890 (= Orphanostagma J. C. Shaffer & Munroe, 2007)
Orphnophanes Lederer, 1863 (= Syntomodora Meyrick, 1894)
Orthoraphis Hampson, 1896
Orthospila Warren, 1890
Osiriaca Walker, 1866 (= Myriotis Meyrick, 1885)
Otiophora Turner, 1908
Pachynoa Lederer, 1863 (= Hypermeces Turner, 1933, Pitacanda Moore, 1886)
Palpita Hübner, 1808 (= Apyrausta Amsel, 1951, Conchia Hübner, 1821, Hapalia Hübner, 1818, Hvidodes Swinhoe, 1900, Margarodes Guenée, 1854, Ledereria Marschall, 1875, Margaronia Hübner, 1825, Paradosis Zeller, 1852, Sarothronota Lederer, 1863, Sebunta Walker, 1863, Sylora Swinhoe, 1900, Tobata Walker, 1859)
Pantographa Lederer, 1863 (= Pantographis Lederer, 1863, Pantograpta Hampson, 1899)
Paramecyna Amsel, 1961
Paranacoleia Inoue, 1982
Parapilocrocis Munroe, 1967
Pardomima Warren, 1890 (= Pachyparda E. L. Martin, 1955)
Parotis Hübner, 1831 (= Cenocnemis Warren, 1896, Chloauges Lederer, 1863, Enchocnemidia Lederer, 1863, Pachyarches Lederer, 1863)
Patania Moore, 1888 (= Pleuroptya Meyrick, 1890)
Pectinobotys Munroe, 1959
Pelinopsis Dognin, 1905
Penestola Möschler, 1890
Perisyntrocha Meyrick, 1894
Pessocosma Meyrick, 1884
Phaedropsis Warren, 1890 (= Trichognathos Amsel, 1956, Trichognathus Edwards & Vevers, 1975)
Phostria Hübner, 1819 (= Antennodes Swinhoe, 1906, Condega Moore, 1886, Hoplisa Snellen, 1899, Oedematarcha Swinhoe, 1900, Parbokla Swinhoe, 1900, Plectrona Snellen, 1895, Plectroctena Snellen, 1881, Saroscelis Meyrick, 1894, Vatica Walker, 1869)
Phryganodes Guenée, 1854 (= Phyganodes Dognin, 1907)
Physematia Lederer, 1863
Piletocera Lederer, 1863 (= Alutefa Swinhoe, 1900, Danaga Moore, 1885, Diplotyla Meyrick, 1886, Ellogima Turner, 1913, Erebangela Meyrick, 1886, Graphicopoda Butler, 1886, Hormatholepis Butler, 1886, Ptilaeola Meyrick, 1886, Rinecera Butler, 1884, Sematosopha Meyrick, 1937, Strepsimela Meyrick, 1886)
Pilocrocis Lederer, 1863 (= Anisoctena Meyrick, 1894, Pilocrosis Janse, 1917)
Platamonina J. C. Shaffer & Munroe, 2007 (= Platamonia Lederer, 1863)
Plateopsis Warren, 1896
Platygraphis Dyar, 1918
Poliobotys J. C. Shaffer & Munroe, 2007
Polygrammodes Guenée, 1854 (= Astura Guenée, 1854, Dichocrocopsis Dyar, 1910, Dichocropsis Munroe, 1983, Hilaopsis Lederer, 1863)
Polygrammopsis Munroe, 1960
Polythlipta Lederer, 1863
Praeacrospila Amsel, 1956
Praephostria Amsel, 1956
Pramadea Moore, 1888
Prenesta Snellen, 1875 (= Praenesta Hampson, 1899)
Prionopaltis Warren, 1892
Proleucinodes Capps, 1948
Prooedema Hampson, 1896
Prophantis Warren, 1896
Prorodes Swinhoe, 1894 (= Idiostrophe Warren, 1896)
Proternia Meyrick, 1884
Psara Snellen, 1875 (= Epichronistis Meyrick, 1886)
Pseudognathobotys Maes, 2001
Pycnarmon Lederer, 1863 (= Aripana Moore, 1886, Entephria Lederer, 1863, Eutrichotis Swinhoe, 1900, Pyralocymatophora Strand, 1918, Satanastra Meyrick, 1890)
Pygospila Guenée, 1854 (= Lomotropa Lederer, 1863, Pygosspila Lederer, 1863, Telespasta Swinhoe, 1906)
Pylartes Walker, 1863
Pyradena Munroe, 1958
Rehimena Walker, 1866
Rhagoba Moore, 1888
Rhectosemia Lederer, 1863 (= Rhectosomia Lederer, 1863)
Rhectothyris Warren, 1890
Rhimphalea Lederer, 1863
Rhimphaliodes Hampson, 1893 (= Rhimphaleodes Hampson, 1896)
Sacculosia Amsel, 1956
Salbia Guenée, 1854 (= Salbiomorpha Snellen, 1875)
Samea Guenée, 1854 (= Pterygisus Butler, 1886, Isopteryx Guenée, 1854)
Sameodes Snellen, 1880
Sameodesma Hampson, 1918
Sathria Lederer, 1863
Scaptesylodes Munroe, 1976
Sedenia Guenée, 1854
Sericophylla Turner, 1937 (= Sericophora Turner, 1937)
Siga Hübner, 1820
Sinomphisa Munroe, 1958
Sparagmia Guenée, 1854
Spilomela Guenée, 1854
Spoladea Guenée, 1854
Stemorrhages Lederer, 1863 (= Stemmorhages)
Steniodes Snellen, 1875 (= Heringiella Berg, 1898, Heringia Hedemann, 1894, Scaeocerandra Meyrick, 1936)
Stenorista Dognin, 1905
Syllepis Poey, 1832
Syllepte Hübner, 1823 (= Arthriobasis Warren, 1896, Epherema Snellen, 1892, Haitufa Swinhoe, 1900, Haliotigris Warren, 1896, Neomabra Dognin, 1905, Nothosalbia Swinhoe, 1900, Polycorys Warren, 1896, Subhedylepta Strand, 1918, Sylepta Hübner, 1825, Syllepta Hübner, 1826, Troctoceras Dognin, 1905)
Symmoracma Meyrick, 1894
Synclera Lederer, 1863 (= Synctera Möschler, 1886)
Syngamia Guenée, 1854 (= Ochlia Hübner, 1823)
Syngamilyta Strand, 1920
Syngropia Hampson, 1912
Syntrita Dognin, 1905
Tabidia Snellen, 1880
Talanga Moore, 1885
Tanaophysa Warren, 1892
Tanaophysopsis Munroe, 1964
Tatobotys Butler, 1881 (= Cometura Meyrick, 1886)
Terastia Guenée, 1854 (= Tersatia Lederer, 1863)
Tessema J. F. G. Clarke, 1986
Tetridia Warren, 1890
Torqueola Swinhoe, 1906
Trichaea Herrich-Schäffer, 1866 (= Acridura Butler, 1875, Phryctena Oberthür, 1881)
Trigonobela Turner, 1915
Tylostega Meyrick, 1894
Tyspanodes Warren, 1891
Udea Guenée in Duponchel, 1845 (= Melanomecyna Butler, 1883, Mnesictena Meyrick, 1884, Notophytis Meyrick, 1932, Protaulacistis Meyrick, 1899: 246, Protocolletis Meyrick, 1888, Stantira Walker, 1863)
Udeoides Maes, 2006
Ulopeza Zeller, 1852 (= Pseudanalthes Warren, 1890, Pseudanaltes Hampson, 1898, Xacca Walker, 1869, Xasca Neave, 1940)
Voliba Walker, 1866 (= Gabrisa Walker, 1866, Stereocopa Meyrick, 1885)
Zagiridia Hampson, 1897
Zebronia Hübner, 1821
Zenamorpha Amsel, 1956
Zeuzerobotys Munroe, 1963 (= Zeurzerobotys Munroe, 1963)

Gèneres antics

Cyclocena Möschler, 1890
Epactoctena Meyrick, 1937
Protonoceras Warren, 1890 (= Metoportha Meyrick, 1894)

Galeria d'imatges

Espècie no identificada de Spilomelinae
Pantographa limata, de l'estat de Missouri (Estats Units d'Amèrica)

Referències

↑ Minet, J. 1982: Les Pyraloidea et leurs principales divisions systématiques (Lep. Ditrysia). – Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 86 (1981): 262–280.
↑ Solis, M.A. & K.V.N. Maes 2003: Preliminary phylogenetic analysis of the subfamilies of Crambidae (Pyraloidea Lepidoptera). – Belgian Journal of Entomology 4 (2002): 53–95.
↑ Maes, K. V. N. 1998: On the morphology of the gnathos in the Pyraloidea (Lepidoptera). – Entomologica Scandinavica 28 (1997) (4): 381–390.

[1] Minet, J. 1982: Les Pyraloidea et leurs principales divisions systématiques (Lep. Ditrysia). – Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 86 (1981): 262–280.

[2] Solis, M.A. & K.V.N. Maes 2003: Preliminary phylogenetic analysis of the subfamilies of Crambidae (Pyraloidea Lepidoptera). – Belgian Journal of Entomology 4 (2002): 53–95.

[3] Maes, K. V. N. 1998: On the morphology of the gnathos in the Pyraloidea (Lepidoptera). – Entomologica Scandinavica 28 (1997) (4): 381–390.

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