Derek Austin

Derek Austin
Biografia
Naixement	11 agost 1921 ; Londres
Mort	22 maig 2001 (79 anys)
Formació	Enfield Grammar School
Activitat
Ocupació	bibliotecari
Premis
	(1978) Citació Margaret Mann ;

Derek Austin (11 d'agost de 1921-22 de maig de 2001), va ser un bibliotecari i autor britànic.^[1]

Carrera

Entre 1963 i 1967, va ser editor de matèries de la British national bibliography. També va desenvolupar sistemes de catalogació digital innovadors i va crear el llenguatge d'indexació PRECIS l'any 1974, que va ser utilitzar a tot el món per la British cational bibliography. "El seu objectiu era crear un sistema d'indexació que pogués alliberar els indexadors de les restriccions de la "significança relativa" (articles principals)... Com a subproductes de les seves teories de la indexació va elaborar esborranys que a mitjans de la dècada de 1980 van ser acceptats com a estàndards britànics i internacionals per a l'avaluació de documents, i per establir tesaurus multilingües i monolingües".^[2] PRECIS va ser un exemple de l'aplicació de dispositius sintàctics a la indexació.^[3] Va ser reemplaçat a la British national bibliography per COMPASS al 1996, que al seu torn va acabar sent reemplaçat pel Library of Congress Subject Headings.^[2]

Des de 1974, Austin va ser el cap de la Subject System Office (Oficina del Sistema de Matèries) de la British Library.^[4]

Premis

1976: Rep el Premi Ranganathan, per part de la FID/CR (Federació Internacional de Documentació. Comitè d'Investigació de Classificació) i del Documentation Research and Training Centre (Centre de Recerca i Formació en Documentació), situat a Bangalore.
1978: Rep la "Margaret Mann Citation", per part de l'American Library Association
1982: Rep el seu doctorat per part de la Universitat de Sheffield.

Austin va ser un "Supernumerary Fellow" (membre supernumerari) al Harris Manchester College de la Universitat d'Oxford. També va ser membre dels Royal Corps of Signals de l'exèrcit britànic entre 1941 i 1946.

Obres publicades

Austin, Derek (1975). "The Role of Indexing in Subject Retrieval". In Henderson, K.L. (ed.). Major classification systems: the Dewey Centennial. Papers presented at the 21st Allerton Park Institute. Urbana, II: Graduate School of Library Science. pp. 124-156. hdl:2142/1775. ISBN 0-87845-044-0. ISSN 0536-4604.
Austin, Derek (gener 1974). PRECIS: A Manual of Concept Analysis and Subject Indexing. London: Council of the British National Bibliography. ISBN 978-0-900220-42-5.

Crítiques de treballs d'Austin

Richmond, Phyllis A. (Gener 1985). "Reviews: PRECIS: A Manual of Concept Analysis and Subject Indexing". The Library Quarterly. 55 (1): 92–3. doi:10.1086/601562.

Referències

↑ «Cataloging News» (en anglès). Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 33, 1. «In Memoriam: Derek Austin (b. 1921) died May 22, 2001. His work influenced the principles and practice of indexing and thesaurus construction. His career included membership in the [UK] Classification Research Group, and the creation of the PRECIS system. Austin received many awards including the first Ranganathan Award (1976) from FID/CR and the Documentation Research and Training Centre (Bangalore), and the Margaret Mann Citation (1978) from the American Library Association. In "Derek Austin: Developing PRECIS, Preserved Context Index System" (v.25 no.2-3, pp 23–66), also published in Portraits in Cataloging and Classification: Theorists, Educators, and Practitioners of the Late Twentieth Century, he describes his career, the contentment he found in retirement, and concludes with reasons he believed that librarians will become more rather than less necessary in the future»
↑ ^2,0 ^2,1 Larsen, Poul Steen «Obituary: Derek Austin». LA Record, 8, 103, 8-2001, pàg. 498. ISSN: 0024-2195.
↑ Hjørland, Birger «PRECIS (Preserved Context Index System))» (en anglès). Lifeboat for Knowledge Organitzation, 05-12-2007. Arxivat de l'original el 2012-04-25 [Consulta: 5 novembre 2021].
↑ Henderson, Kathryn Luther «Contributors: Papers presented at the 21st Allerton Park Institute 1975» (PDF) (en anglès). 1975: Major classification systems : the Dewey Centennial, 1975. Arxivat de l'original el 2018-01-10 [Consulta: 5 novembre 2021]. «DEREK AUSTIN worked in public libraries for a number of years, usually as a reference librarian or a subject specialist, learning, as he says, "the hard way how to use indexes and classifications, and generally being disillusioned with existing schemes." From 1963 to 1967, he served as subject editor at the British National Bibliography, "learning as a practitioner just how difficult it is to make a good index or classification." Under the auspices of the NATO Science Foundation and the Classification Research Group, he worked on research into general principles for a new bibliographic classification from 1967 to 1969. From 1969 to 1973 he served as Principal Investigator for the PRECIS Project (UK MARC) trying to translate the general principles into practice. Since 1974, he has served as Head, Subject Systems Office, The British Library.»

[1] «Cataloging News» (en anglès). Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 33, 1. «In Memoriam: Derek Austin (b. 1921) died May 22, 2001. His work influenced the principles and practice of indexing and thesaurus construction. His career included membership in the [UK] Classification Research Group, and the creation of the PRECIS system. Austin received many awards including the first Ranganathan Award (1976) from FID/CR and the Documentation Research and Training Centre (Bangalore), and the Margaret Mann Citation (1978) from the American Library Association. In "Derek Austin: Developing PRECIS, Preserved Context Index System" (v.25 no.2-3, pp 23–66), also published in Portraits in Cataloging and Classification: Theorists, Educators, and Practitioners of the Late Twentieth Century, he describes his career, the contentment he found in retirement, and concludes with reasons he believed that librarians will become more rather than less necessary in the future»

[:0-2] 2,0 ^2,1 Larsen, Poul Steen «Obituary: Derek Austin». LA Record, 8, 103, 8-2001, pàg. 498. ISSN: 0024-2195.

[3] Hjørland, Birger «PRECIS (Preserved Context Index System))» (en anglès). Lifeboat for Knowledge Organitzation, 05-12-2007. Arxivat de l'original el 2012-04-25 [Consulta: 5 novembre 2021].

[4] Henderson, Kathryn Luther «Contributors: Papers presented at the 21st Allerton Park Institute 1975» (PDF) (en anglès). 1975: Major classification systems : the Dewey Centennial, 1975. Arxivat de l'original el 2018-01-10 [Consulta: 5 novembre 2021]. «DEREK AUSTIN worked in public libraries for a number of years, usually as a reference librarian or a subject specialist, learning, as he says, "the hard way how to use indexes and classifications, and generally being disillusioned with existing schemes." From 1963 to 1967, he served as subject editor at the British National Bibliography, "learning as a practitioner just how difficult it is to make a good index or classification." Under the auspices of the NATO Science Foundation and the Classification Research Group, he worked on research into general principles for a new bibliographic classification from 1967 to 1969. From 1969 to 1973 he served as Principal Investigator for the PRECIS Project (UK MARC) trying to translate the general principles into practice. Since 1974, he has served as Head, Subject Systems Office, The British Library.»

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